Análisis de los factores que impulsan la demanda de turismo regional en Uruguay

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v20.3423

Palabras clave:

Demanda turística, Tipo de cambio real, Cointegración

Resumen

El turismo es un motor clave de la economía uruguaya, ya que representa alrededor del 9% del PIB y el 7% del empleo total. Argentina y Brasil son los principales mercados emisores y en conjunto explican aproximadamente el 70% de la demanda turística total. Este trabajo revisa evidencia reciente sobre la relación de largo plazo entre la demanda turística, el ingreso y el tipo de cambio real, utilizando modelos vectoriales de corrección del error (VECM), estimados por separado para Argentina y Brasil en el período comprendido entre enero de 2005 y junio de 2025. Asimismo, se incorpora una medida de incertidumbre para evaluar sus posibles efectos. Los resultados muestran que la demanda turística argentina responde tanto al ingreso como a los precios relativos, con una elasticidad-ingreso cercana a 4, lo que confirma al turismo como un bien de lujo, mientras que la incertidumbre no tiene un efecto significativo. En contraste, la demanda brasileña está impulsada exclusivamente por el ingreso, con una elasticidad cercana a 3, y la incertidumbre se comporta como un factor exógeno. Las proyecciones sugieren que el turismo argentino crecería un 8% en 2025 y un 8,5% en 2026, mientras que el turismo brasileño se incrementaría en un 12% y un 9%, respectivamente. El análisis de funciones impulso–respuesta indica fuertes efectos del ingreso en ambos mercados, con un ajuste de corto plazo más rápido en Argentina (tres meses) que en Brasil (alrededor de un año).

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Biografía del autor/a

Gabriela Mordecki, University of the Republic of Uruguay

Bachelor's degree in Economics and Master's degree in Trade Modelling and Policy from the University of Antwerp (UFSIA), Belgium, and specialization in Industrial Economics from the Regional University of Blumenau (FURB), Brazil. Professor and researcher at the Institute of Economics of the Faculty of Economic Sciences at the University of the Republic (FCEA, UDELAR). Works in short-run economics, uncertainty, competitiveness, economic projections, and tourism economics. Contributions: Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing.

Sofía Domingorena, University of the Republic of Uruguay

Bachelor's degree in Economics and Master's degree in Economics from the School of Economics and Business Administration at the University of the Republic of Uruguay. PhD candidate at the University of Jaén. Academic studies focused on quantitative methods, particularly time-series econometrics. Contributions: Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing - original draft, riting - review & editing.

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Publicado

2026-07-01

Cómo citar

Mordecki, G., & Domingorena, S. (2026). Análisis de los factores que impulsan la demanda de turismo regional en Uruguay. Revista Brasileira De Pesquisa Em Turismo, 20, 3423. https://doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v20.3423

Número

Sección

Artículos - Gestión del Turismo