Iniciativas empresariales de migrantes, prácticas de creación de valor y transformación urbana en São Paulo, Brasil

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v13i1.1538

Palabras clave:

Espíritu empresarial, Gastronomía, Hospitalidade, Migración, Turismo urbano.

Resumen

Este artículo analiza iniciativas empresariales de migrantes, refugiados incluídos, que son propietarios o gestores de negocios vinculados a la oferta de servicios y experiencias de alimentación, hospitalidad, ocio, turismo y eventos. A partir de recolección de datos en São Paulo (Brasil), el estudio, desde el punto de vista conceptual, aborda las formas a través de las cuales migrantes crean "bienes" culturales (englobando objetos materiales, servicios y experiencias), que fueron sometidos a procesos de valoración. Además, se diferencian cinco conjuntos de prácticas: la objetificaación del yo, la estetización de la alteridad, autenticación de experiencias gastronómicas en lugares específicos, construcción de locales de hospitalidad como espacios culturales y prácticas de vitrinización (creando plataformas para la promoción de talentos de los migrantes). Discutimos posibles consecuencias de estas prácticas para migrantes, consumidores, entornos urbanos y sus residentes, e identificamos caminos para futuras investigaciones.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

Peter Lugosi, Oxford Brookes University

Reader at the Oxford School of Hospitality Management, Oxford Brookes University, United Kingdom. Peter has researched and published on a wide range of subjects including customer experiences, migration and migrant labour issues, parenting cultures, research methods, and organisational behaviour. Peter co-founded the Hospitality & Society journal, and he is currently the Controversies and Reviews Editor. He serves on a number of journal editorial boards including the International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, Journal of Business Research, International Journal of Tourism Research, Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, and Annals of Leisure Research.

Thiago Allis, University of São Paulo

Assistant professor at School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities (EACH), at University of São Paulo, Brazil. His scholarly and research interests include urban tourism, regional and urban planning, and tourism mobilities. Thiago has lead and participated in several research and outreach projects funded by Brazilian and international agencies, with tourism, urban planning, mobilities and migration as subjects. After a stay in East Timor as an invited lecturer in 2012, Thiago started to combine tourism and (post-)conflict in his academic activities.

Citas

Adler, P.A., & Adler, P. (1987). Membership roles in field settings. Newbury Park, CA, Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412984973

Adler, P.A., & Adler, P. (1998). Observational techniques. In N. Denzin, & Y. Lincoln, (Eds.), Collecting and interpreting qualitative materials (pp. 79-109). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Allis, T. (2014). Viajantes, visitantes, turistas... Em busca de conceitos em um mundo urbano, Caderno Virtual de Turismo, 14(1), 23–38.

______. (2016). Em busca das mobilidades turísticas. Plural, 23(2), 94-117. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-8099.pcso.2016.125112

Allis, T. & Lopez, M. P. (2018). Turismo post-conflicto: Desarrollo turístico local y estrategias para la integración social de refugiados. Revista Estudios y Perspectivas en Turismo, 27(4), 1003-1017.

Althusser, L. (1971). Lenin and philosophy and other essays. New York: Monthly Review Press.

Andriotis, K. (2009). Sacred site experience: A phenomenological study. Annals of Tourism Research, 36(1), 64-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2008.10.003

Baka, V. (2015). Understanding valuing devices in tourism through "place-making". Valuation Studies, 3(2), 149-180. https://doi.org/10.3384/VS.2001-5992.1532149

Bastos, E. (2017). Congolinária, gastronomia congolesa vegana por um refugiado. SPVEG Blog, post 08.09.2017. https://www.spveg.com/blog/congolinaria-gastronomia-congolesa-vegana-por-um-refugiado/ (Accessed 17.09.2018).

Baum, T., Kralj, A., Robinson, R. N., & Solnet, D. J. (2016). Tourism workforce research: A review, taxonomy and agenda. Annals of Tourism Research, 60, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2016.04.003

Berry, L.L., Wall, E.A., & Carbone, L.P. (2006). Service clues and customer assessment of the service experi-ence: Lessons from marketing. Academy of Management Perspectives, 20(2), 43-57. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2006.20591004

Bourdieu, P. (1986). Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste. London: Routledge.

Secretaria Nacional de Justiça (2018). Refúgio em números. 3rd Edition. Ministry of Justice. Available at: <http://www.acnur.org/portugues/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/refugio-em-numeros_1104.pdf> (Acessed: 27 09 2018).

Brown, S., & Patterson, A. (2000). Knick-knack paddy-whack, give a pub a theme. Journal of Marketing Man-agement, 16(6), 647-662. https://doi.org/10.1362/026725700785045903

Büscher, M., & Urry, J. (2009). Mobile methods and the empirical. European Journal of Social Theory, 12(1), p. 99-116. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431008099642

Callon, M. (1998). An essay on framing and overflowing: Economic externalities revisited by sociology. The Sociological Review, 46(S1), 244-269. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954X.1998.tb03477.x

Callon, M. (2007). An essay on the growing contribution of economic markets to the proliferation of the social. Theory, Culture & Society, 24(7-8), 139-163. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263276407084701

Callon, M., & Muniesa, F. (2005). Economic markets as calculative collective devices. Organization Studies, 26(8), 1229-1250. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840605056393

Callon, M., Méadel, C., & Rabeharisoa, V. (2002). The economy of qualities. Economy & Society, 31(2), 194-217. https://doi.org/10.1080/03085140220123126

Camargo, L. O., Cavenaghi, A. J., Pereira, D. C., & Wada, E. K. (2018). Fans of Sesc in São Paulo: a study on hospitality and welcome. Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Turismo, 12(2), 46-64. https://doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v12i2.1403

Carvalho, J. (2017). Conheça a África com os deliciosos pratos do Biyou’Z. Sobrereviva em São Paulo, post 06.02.2017. https://www.sobrevivaemsaopaulo.com.br/2017/02/06/conheca-mais-da-africa-com-os-deliciosos-pratos-do-biyouz/. (Accessed 08.10.2018).

Chhabra, D. (2012). Authenticity of the objectively authentic. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(1), 499-502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2011.09.005

Chhabra, D., Lee, W., Zhao, S., & Scott, K. (2013). Marketing of ethnic food experiences: Authentication analy-sis of Indian cuisine abroad. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 8(2-3), 145-157. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2013.767816

Cochoy, F. (2004). Is the modern consumer a Buridan’s donkey? Product packaging and consumer choice. In K. Ekström, & H. Brembeck (Eds.), Elusive consumption (pp. 205-227). Oxford: Berg.

Cochoy, F. (2008). Calculation, qualculation, calqulation: Shopping cart arithmetic, equipped cognition and the clustered consumer. Marketing Theory, 8(1), 15-44. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470593107086483

Cohen, E., & Cohen, S. A. (2012). Authentication: Hot and cool. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(3), 1295-1314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2012.03.004

Cohen, S. A. Duncan, T. & Thulenmark, M. (2015). Lifestyle mobilities: The crossroads of travel, leisure and migration. Mobilities, 10(1), 155-172. https://doi.org/10.1080/17450101.2013.826481

Creswell, T. (2010). Towards a politics of mobility. Environment & Planning D: Society & Space, 28, 17-31. https://doi.org/10.1068/d11407

Davis, C. S., & Breede, D. (2015). Holistic ethnography: Embodiment, emotion, contemplation, and dialogue in ethnographic fieldwork. Journal of Contemplative Inquiry, 1, 77-99.

Duncan, T., Scott, D. G., & Baum, T. (2013). The mobilities of hospitality work: An exploration of issues and debates. Annals of Tourism Research, 41, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2012.10.004

Dwyer, L., Seetaram, N., Forsyth, P., & King, B. (2014). Is the migration-tourism relationship only about VFR? Annals of Tourism Research, 46, 130-143 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2014.03.009

Germann Molz, J., & Gibson, S. (2007). Mobilizing hospitality: The ethics of social relations in a mobile world. Aldershot: Ashgate.

Hall C.M., & Williams A.M. (eds) (2002) Tourism and migration. Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3554-4

Hansen, S. (2008). Society of the appetite: Celebrity chefs deliver consumers. Food, Culture & Society, 11(1), 49-67. https://doi.org/10.2752/155280108X276050

Hoffman, K., & Turley, L. (2002). Atmospherics, service encounters and consumer decision making: An integra-tive perspective. Journal of Marketing Theory & Practice, 10(3), 33-47. https://doi.org/10.1080/10696679.2002.11501918

IBGE (2000). Brasil: 500 anos de povoamento. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE.

Ivanov S., & Stavrinoudis, T. A. (2018). Impacts of the refugee crisis on the hotel industry: Evidence from four Greek islands. Tourism Management, 67, 214-223 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.02.004

Janta, H., Cohen, S. A., & Williams, A. M. (2015). Rethinking visiting friends and relatives mobilities. Population, Space & Place, 21(7), 585-598. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.1914

Jones, M. T. (2009). A celebrity chef goes global: The business of eating. Journal of Business Strategy, 30(5), 14-23. https://doi.org/10.1108/02756660910987572

Joppe, M. (2012). Migrant workers: Challenges and opportunities in addressing tourism labour shortages. Tourism Management, 33(3), 662-671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.07.009

Lincoln, Y., & Guba, E. (2013). The constructivist credo. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.

Lugosi, P. (2016). Socio-technological authentication. Annals of Tourism Research, 58, 100-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2016.02.015

Lugosi, P., Bell, D., & Lugosi, K. (2010). Hospitality, culture and regeneration: Urban decay, entrepreneurship and the ‘ruin’ bars of Budapest. Urban Studies, 47(14), 3079-3101. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098009360236

Lugosi, P., Janta, H., & Watson, P. (2012). Investigative management and consumer research on the internet. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 24(6), 838-854. https://doi.org/10.1108/09596111211247191

Lugosi, P., Robinson, R.N., Golubovskaya, M., Foley, L., & Harwell, J. (2016). Experiencing parenthood, care and spaces of hospitality. The Sociological Review, 64(2), 274-293. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-954X.12330

Lury, C. (2012). ‘Bringing the world into the world’: The material semiotics of contemporary culture. Distinktion: Scandinavian Journal of Social Theory, 13(3), 247-260. https://doi.org/10.1080/1600910X.2012.728144

McGill, D. (2018). Em São Paulo, start-up de refugiada síria cria oportunidades de negócios para outros refugi-ados. ACNUR Brasil. http://www.acnur.org/portugues/2018/05/30/em-sao-paulo-start-up-de-refugiada-siria-cria-oportunidades-de-negocios-para-outros-refugiados/. (Accessed 01.10.2018).

Marwick, A. E. (2013). Status update: Celebrity, publicity and branding in the social media age. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Marwick, A. E. (2015). Instafame: Luxury selfies in the attention economy. Public Culture, 27(1 75), 137-160. https://doi.org/10.1215/08992363-2798379

Marwick, A. E., & Boyd, D. (2011). I tweet honestly, I tweet passionately: Twitter users, context collapse, and the imagined audience. New Media & Society, 13(1), 114-133. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444810365313

Matos, M.B., & Barbosa, M. (2018). Authenticity in tourism experiences: A new approach based on Edgar Morin’s Complexity Theory. Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Turismo, 12(3), 154-171. https://doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v12i3.1457

Mena, I. (2014). Conheça o House of Food: Um espaço de coworking só para quem conzinha profissional-mente. Projeto Draft, post 11.11.2014. https://projetodraft.com/a-house-of-food-inova-o-ja-efervescente-cenario-dos-coworking-spaces-este-e-para-cozinheiros/. (Accessed 10.10.2018).

Meyer, D. (2006). Setting the table: The transforming power of hospitality in business. New York: HarperCol-lins.

Mkono, M. (2013). Hot and cool authentication: A netnographic illustration. Annals of Tourism Research, 41, 215-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2013.01.014

O’Reilly, K. (2003) When is a tourist? The articulation of tourism and migration in Spain’s Costa del Sol. Tourist Studies, 3 (3), 301-317. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468797603049661

Papacharissi, Z. (2012). Without you, I'm nothing: Performances of the self on Twitter. International Journal of Communication, 6, 18, 1989–2006.

Patton, M.Q. (2015). Qualitative research and evaluation methods (4th ed.). London: Sage.

Purnell, D., & Breede, D. C. (2018). Traveling the third place: Conferences as third places. Space & Culture, 21(4), 512-523. https://doi.org/10.1177/1206331217741078

Ren, C., & Mahadevan, R. (2018). “Bring the numbers and stories together”: Valuing events. Annals of Tourism Research, 72, 75-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2018.06.008

Ren, C., Petersen, M. K., & Dredge, D. (2015). Guest editorial: Valuing tourism. Valuation Studies, 3(2), 85-96. https://doi.org/10.3384/VS.2001-5992.153285

Sampaio, P. (2017). Bar de refugiados, discos de vinil e papo cabeça: Bixiga é o novo point hipster de SP. Blog do Paulo Sampaio, post 04.04.2017. https://paulosampaio.blogosfera.uol.com.br/2017/04/04/bar-de-refugiados-discos-de-vinil-e-papo-cabeca-bixiga-e-o-novo-point-hipster-de-sp/. (Accessed 08.10.2018).

Senha, R. (2014). Depois dos peruanos, restaurantes populares africanos ganham espaço no centro de SP. Folha se São Paulo, 12 January 2014. https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/saopaulo/2014/01/1395740-depois-dos-peruanos-restaurantes-populares-africanos-ganham-espaco-no-centro-de-sp.shtml (Accessed 09.10.18)

Scott, M. (2012). Cultural entrepreneurs, cultural entrepreneurship: Music producers mobilising and convert-ing Bourdieu's alternative capitals. Poetics, 40(3), 237-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2012.03.002

Shaw, S. J. (2011). Marketing ethnoscapes as spaces of consumption: ‘Banglatown—London’s Curry Capital’. Journal of Town & City Management, 1(4), 381-395.

Shaw, S., Bagwell, S., & Karmowska, J. (2004). Ethnoscapes as spectacle: Reimaging multicultural districts as new destinations for leisure and tourism consumption. Urban Studies, 41(10), 1983-2000. https://doi.org/10.1080/0042098042000256341

Smith, M. K., Egedy, T., Csizmady, A., Jancsik, A., Olt, G., & Michalkó, G. (2018). Non-planning and tourism con-sumption in Budapest's inner city. Tourism Geographies, 20(3), 524-548. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2017.1387809

Svejenova, S., Mazza, C., & Planellas, M. (2007). Cooking up change in haute cuisine: Ferran Adrià as an insti-tutional entrepreneur. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 28(5), 539-561. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.461

Terenzi, G. (2016). Imigrantes trazem novidades gastronômicas e culturais a São Paulo. Folha de São Paulo, post 06.11.2016. https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/saopaulo/2016/11/1829396-imigrantes-trazem-novidades-gastronomicas-e-culturais-a-sao-paulo-veja-guia.shtml. (Accessed 01.10.2018).

Torres, E. N., Lugosi, P., Orlowski, M., & Ronzoni, G. (2018). Consumer-led experience customization: A socio-spatial approach. Journal of Service Management, 29(2), 206-229. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-06-2017-0135

Urry, J. (2007). Mobilities. Cambridge: Polity Press.

UNHCR Brasil (2018). Dados sobre o refúgio no Brasil. http://www.acnur.org/portugues/dados-sobre-refugio/dados-sobre-refugio-no-brasil/. (Accessed 06.10.2018).

Vidal, H. (2017). No Bixiga, o Al Janiah é mais do que um restaurante comandado por refugiados palestinos, São Paulo São, post 03.05.2017. https://saopaulosao.com.br/nossas-pessoas/1279-no-bixiga-o-al-janiah-e-mais-do-que-um-restaurante-comandado-por-refugiados-palestinos.html. (Accessed 03.10.2018).

Wang, N. (1999). Rethinking authenticity in tourism experience. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(2), 349-370. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(98)00103-0

Warde, A. (2016). The practice of eating. Cambridge: Polity Press. https://doi.org/10.1080/09503153.2015.1087492

Williams, A. M., King, R., Warnes, A., & Patterson, G. (2000). Tourism and international retirement migration: new forms of an old relationship in southern Europe. Tourism Geographies, 2(1), 28-49. https://doi.org/10.1080/146166800363439

World Bank (2018). International tourism, number of arrivals. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ST.INT.ARVL?view=map. (Accessed 06.10.2018).

Xie, P. F. (2011). Authenticating ethnic tourism. Bristol: Channel View Publications.

Descargas

Publicado

2019-03-01

Cómo citar

Lugosi, P., & Allis, T. (2019). Iniciativas empresariales de migrantes, prácticas de creación de valor y transformación urbana en São Paulo, Brasil. Revista Brasileira De Pesquisa Em Turismo, 13(1), 141–163. https://doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v13i1.1538

Número

Sección

Articulos