Percepção dos Residentes sobre os Impactos dos Jogos Olímpicos Rio 2016: Antes, Durante e Depois do Megaevento

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v13i2.1554

Palavras-chave:

Rio 2016, Olimpíada, Megaevento, Residentes, Percepção.

Resumo

Este estudo analisa as percepções dos residentes do Rio de Janeiro em relação aos impactos dos Jogos Olímpicos Rio 2016. Pela primeira vez, um país da América do Sul foi escolhido para sediar esse megaevento, sendo uma ótima oportunidade para rastrear a percepção da população local e cobrir uma lacuna em estudos longitudinais envolvendo residentes em países em desenvolvimento e seus impactos na cidade-sede. Um levantamento quantitativo face a face foi realizado ao longo de três anos, com um total de 1.211 entrevistados na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A população percebeu positivamente principalmente uma melhoria na mobilidade urbana e um aumento no turismo; mas, negativamente, o uso indevido de recursos públicos, aumento de preços e legados não duráveis que afetaram criticamente a imagem do destino pós-Olimpíadas.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Biografia do Autor

Deborah Moraes Zouain, Tourism Research Center UNIGRANRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

PhD in Production Engineering (COPPE / UFRJ), a Master's in Education from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) and a Graduate in Administration from the Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV) in Rio de Janeiro and a Law from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ).

Paola Bastos Lohmann, University of Aveiro (UA), Aveiro, Portugal

She is a PhD student in Tourism, University of Aveiro, Portugal (completion in 2020). She holds a Master’s Degree in Business Management, Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV). She graduated in Tourism, Fluminense Federal University (UFF). She is a researcher at UNIGRANRIO Centre for Tourism Research. She is a Reverse doctoral grant holder, FAPERJ – 2018.

Gabriela De Laurentis Cardoso, Tourism Research Center UNIGRANRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

She is a Master’s student in the Post-graduation Programme in Design, Superior School of Industrial Design, UERJ (PPDESDI). She attended a Master's Degree programme in Market Research, Media and Public Opinion, University of Entrepreneurial and Social Sciences (UCES), Buenos Aires. She graduated in Visual Programming by UniverCidade, Rio de Janeiro. She is a researcher at UNIGRANRIO Centre for Tourism Research.

Kaarina Barbosa Virkki, Tourism Research Center UNIGRANRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

She completed post-graduate degrees in Business Administration, Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV), and in Marketing, Brazilian Institute of Markets and Capitals (IBMEC). She graduated in Tourism, Fluminense Federal University (UFF). She is a researcher at UNIGRANRIO Centre for Tourism Research.

Marcela Cohen Martelotte, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

She completed post-doctoral studies, COPPE/UFRJ. She holds a PhD in Electrical Engineering, PUC-Rio, a Master’s Degree in Business Administration, Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV), RJ and a Master's Degree in Electrical Engineering, PUC-Rio. She graduated in Statistics, National School of Statistics (ENCE). She is an Adjunct Professor at the Department of Production Engineering, Fluminense Federal University (EEIMVR)

Referências

Al-Emadi, A., Kaplanidou, K., Diop, A., Sagas, M., Le, K.T. & Mustafa, S. A.-A. (2016). 2022 Qatar World Cup: Impact Perceptions among Qatar Residents. Journal of Travel Research, 56(5), 1-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287516652502

Andranovich, G., Burbank, J., & Heying, C. (2001). Olympic Cities: Lessons learned from Mega-Event Politics. Journal of Urban Affairs, 23(2), 113-131. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/0735-2166.00079

Balduck, A.L.,Maes, M., & Buelens, M. (2011). The social impact of the Tour de France: Comparisons of resi-dents’ pre- and post-event perceptions. European Sport Management Quarterly, 11(2), 91–113. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2011.559134

Brian, S. E., & Anders, S. (2002) The Cambridge dictionary of statistics. Cambridge: Cambridge.

Bovy, P. H. (2009). Mega event transport planning and mobility management. Sport Event Management & Organisation Seminar (SEMOS), Lausanne, February 2009.

Bull, C., & Lovell, J. (2007). The impact of hosting major sporting events on local residents: an analysis of the views and perceptions of Canterbury residents in relation to the Tour de France 2007. Journal of Sport & Tour-ism, 12(3e4), 229-248. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14775080701736973.

Capel, H. (2010). Los Juegos Olímpicos, entre el urbanismo, el marketing y lós consensos sociales. Biblio 3W. Revista Bibliográfica de Geografia y Ciencias Sociales, 15(895).

Carayannis, E. G., & Campbell, D. F. (2014). Developed democracies versus emerging autocracies: arts, de-mocracy, and innovation in Quadruple Helix innovation systems. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 3(1), 12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-014-0012-2

Carey, M., Mason, D. S. & Misener, L. (2011). Social Responsibility and The Competitive Bid Process for Major Sporting Events. Journal of Sports and Social Issues, 35(3), 246-263. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0193723511416985

Chalip, L., & Costa, C. A. (2005). Sport event tourism and the destination brand: Towards a general theory. Sport in Society, 8(2), 218–237. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17430430500108579

Chappelet, J. L. (2008). Olympic Environmental Concerns as a Legacy of the Winter Games. The International Journal of the History of Sport, 15(14), 1884-1902. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09523360802438991

Chen, F. (2010). Study on the longitudinal changes of urban residents' perceptions and attitude towards mega-events: a Case Study of Qingdao Hosting the 2008 Olympic Sailing Regatta. Tourism Tribune, 25(10), 77-84. In Chinese.

Chen, F., & Tian, L. (2015). Comparative study on residents' perceptions of follow-up impacts of the 2008 Olympics. Tourism Management, 51, 263-281. DOI: https://dx.doi.org./10.1016/j.tourman.2015.05.029

Cho, J.-H., & Bairner, A. (2012). The sociocultural legacy of the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games. Leisure Studies, 31, 271–289. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02614367.2011.636178

Chou, M.C. (2013). Does tourism development promote economic grow thin transition countries? A panel data analysis. Economic Modelling, 33(1), 226–232. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2013.04.024

Dansero, E., & Puttilli, M. (2010). Mega-events tourism legacies: The case of the Torino 2006 Winter Olympic Games – A territorialisation approach. Leisure Studies, 29, 321–341. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02614361003716966

Davies, L. E. (2012). Beyond the Games: Regeneration legacies and London 2012. Leisure Studies, 31, 309–337. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02614367.2011.649779

Deccio, C., & Baloglu, S. (2002). Nonhost community resident reactions to the 2002 Winter Olympics: the spillover impacts. Journal of Travel Research, 41(1), 46-56. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047287502041001006

Montgomery, D. C. (1991). Design and analysis of experiments. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Dwyer, L., Forsyth, P., & Spurr, R. (2004). Evaluating tourism’s economic effects: New and old approaches. Tourism Management, 25(3), 307–317. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.305

Essex, S., & Chalkley, B. (1998). Olympic Games: catalyst of urban change. Leisure Studies, 17, 187-206. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/026143698375123

Faulkner, B., & Tideswell, C. (1997). A framework for monitoring community impacts of tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 5(1), 3–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669589708667273

Fourie, J.,& Santana-Gallego, M. (2011). The impact of mega-sport events on tourist arrivals. Tourism Man-agement, 32(6), 1364–1370. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.01.011

Gelan, Ayele. (2003). Local Economic Impacts, the British Open. Annals of Tourism Research, 30(2), 406-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(02)00098-1

Getz, D. (1997). Event Management & Event Tourism. New York: Cognizant Communication Corporation.

Gibson, H. J., Walker, M., Thapa, B., Kaplanidou, K., Geldenhuys, S., & Coetzee, W. (2014). Psychic income and social capital among host nation residents: A pre–post analysis of the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa. Tourism Management, 44(3), 113–122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.12.013

Giesecke, J. & Madden, J (2011) Modelling the economic impacts of the Sydney Olympics in retrospect – Game over for the bonanza story? Economic Papers, 30(2), 218–232. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-3441.2011.00109.x

Gratton, C. & Preuss, H. (2008). Maximizing Olympic Impacts by Building Up Legacies. The International Journal of the History of Sport., 15(14), 1922-1938. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09523360802439023

Gratton, C., Shibli, S., & Coleman, R. (2005). Sport and economic regeneration in cities. Urban Studies, 42(5–6), 985–999. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00420980500107045

Gursoy, D., & Kendall, K. W. (2006). Hosting megaevents–Modelling locals’ support. Annals of Tourism Re-search, 33(3), 603–623. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2006.01.005

Gursoy, D., Chi, C. G., Ai, J., & Chen, B. T. (2011). Temporal change in resident perceptions of a mega-event: the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. Tourism Geographies, 13(2), 299-324. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2010.529935

Gursoy, D., Yolal, M., Ribeiro, M. A., & Panosso Netto, A. (2016). Impact of Trust on Local Residents’ Mega-Event perceptions and Their Support. Journal of Travel Research, 56(3), 393-406. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287516643415

Haley, A. J., Snaith, T., & Miller, G. (2005). Social impacts of tourism–A case study of Bath, UK. Annals of Tour-ism Research, 32(3), 647–668. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2004.10.009

Hennessey, S. M., Yun, D., MacDonald, R & MacEachern, M. (2010). The effects of advertising awareness and media form on travel intentions. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 19(3), 217-243. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19368621003591335

Hiller, H. (1990) The urban transformation of a landmark event: the 1988 Calgary Winter Olympics. Urban Affairs Quarterly, 26(1), 118–137. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/004208169002600106

Hiller, H. (1995). Conventions as mega-events: A new model for convention –host city relationships. Tourism Management, 16(5), 375–379. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-5177(95)00041-L

Hiller, H. (2006). Post-event Outcomes and the Post-modern Turn: The Olympics and Urban Transformations. European Sport Management Quarterly, 6(4), 317-332. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16184740601154458

Horne, J. & Manzenreiter, W. (2007). An introduction to the sociology of sports mega-events. The Social Re-view, 54(2), 1-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954X.2006.00650.x

Huang, H., & Lou, S. (2010). Sport event industry development in China and abroad. Sports Science Research, 31(1), 18–22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5367/te.2013.0340

Huang, H., & Zhang, L. (2012). Estimation of the non-market value of sports events: A case study of the civic pride generated by the 2009 Shanghai ATP Masters 1000. Tourism Economics, 18(4), 887–895. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5367/te.2012.0139

Humphreys, B. R., & Prokopowicz, S. (2007). Assessing the impact of sports mega-events in transition econo-mies: Euro 2012 in Poland and Ukraine. International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing, 2(5), 496–509. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSMM.2007.013963

Jeong, G. H., & Faulkner, B. (1996). Resident perceptions of mega-event impacts: the Taejon International Exposition case. Festival Management and Event Tourism, 4(1e2), 3-11. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/106527096792232388

Jones, C. (2001). Mega-events and host-region impacts: determining the true worth of the 1999 Rugby World Cup. International Journal of Tourism Research, 3, 241-251. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.326

Jurowski, C., & Gursoy, D. (2004). Distance effects on residents' attitudes toward tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 31(2), 296-312. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2003.12.005

Kaplanidou, K. (2012). The importance of legacy outcomes for Olympic Games four summer host cities resi-dents’ quality of life: 1996–2008. European Sport Management Quarterly, 12(4), 397–433. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2012.693118

Kaplanidou, G. K. & Karadakis, K. (2010). Understanding the legacies of a host Olympic City: the case of the 2010 Vancouver Olympic Games. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 19, 110-117. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2012.680067

Kaplanidou, K., Karadakis, K., Gibson, H., Thapa, B., Walker, M., & Geldenhuys, S., (2013). Quality of life, event impacts, and mega-event support among South African residents before and after the 2010 FIFA world cup. Journal of Travel Research, 52(5), 631–645. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287513478501

Karadakis, K. & Kaplanidou, G. K. (2010) Event leveraging of mega sport events: a SWOT analysis ap-proach. International Journal of Event and Festival Management, 1(3), 170-185. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.03.007

Karadakis, K., & Kaplanidou, K. (2012). Legacy perceptions among host and non-host Olympic Games resi-dents: A longitudinal study of the 2010 Vancouver Olympic Games. European Sport Management Quarterly, 12(3), 243–264. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2012.680067

Karadakis, K., Kaplanidou, K., & Karlis, G. (2016). Host and non-host resident awareness and perceptions of legacies for the 2010 Vancouver Winter Olympic Games. Loisir et Societe, 39(2), 195–209. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07053436.2016.1198594

Kim, H. J., Gursoy, D., & Lee, S.-B. (2006). The impact of the 2002 world cup on South Korea: comparisons of pre- and post-games. Tourism Management, 27(1), 86-96. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2004.07.010.

Kim, S. S., & Petrick, J. F. (2005). Residents’ perceptions on impacts of the FIFA 2002 World Cup: The case of Seoul as a host city. Tourism Management, 26(1), 25–38.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2003.09.013

Kim, S., & Jun, J. (2016). The impact of event advertising on attitudes and visit intentions. Journal of Hospitali-ty and Tourism Management, 29, 1-8. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2016.04.002

Lindau, L. A., Petzhold, G., Tavares, V. B., & Facchini, D. (2016). Mega events and the transformation of Rio de Janeiro into a mass-transit city. Research in Transportation Economics, 59, 196–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2016.07.024

Lohmann, P. B. (2010). Megaeventos esportivos: impactos no turismo das cidades sedes. Dissertação, 133 f. Mestrado em Gestão Empresarial, Fundação Getúlio Vargas, Rio de Janeiro.

Lorde, T., Greenidge, D., & Devonish, D. (2011). Local residents' perceptions of the impacts of the ICC Cricket World Cup 2007 on Barbados: comparisons of pre and post-games. Tourism Management, 32(2), 349-356. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2010.03.004.

Malfas, M., Theodoraki, E., & Houlihan, B. (2004). Impacts of the Olympic Games as mega-events. Municipal Engineer, 157(3), 209-220. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1680/muen.2004.157.3.209

Mangan, J. A. (2008). Prologue: Guarantees of Global Goodwill: Post-Olympic Legacies – Too Many Limping White Elephants? The International Journal of the History of Sport, 25(14), 1869-1883 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09523360802496148

Mao, L. L., & Huang, H. (2016) Social impact of Formula One Chinese Grand Prix: A comparison of local resi-dents’ perceptions based on the intrinsic dimension. Sport Management Review, 19(3), 306-318. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.smr.2015.08.007

Middleton, V. T. C. (1988). Marketing and travel and tourism. Oxford, UK: Heinemann.

Mihalik, B. J., & Simonetta, L. (1998). Resident perceptions of the 1996 Summer of Olympic Games- Year II. Festival Management & Event Tourism, 5, 9-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1356766714521809

Mihalik, B. J., & Simonetta, L. (1999). A midterm assessment of the host population's perceptions of the 1996 Summer Olympics: support, attendance, benefits, and liabilities. Journal of Travel Research, 37(3), 244-248. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004728759903700305

Nunkoo, R., & Gursoy, D. (2012). Residents’ support for tourism: An identity perspective. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(1), 243–268. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2011.05.006

Owen, J.G. (2005). Estimating the cost and benefit of hosting Olympic Games: What can Beijing expect from its 2002 Games? The Industrial Geographer, 1–18.

Pappas, N. (2014) Hosting mega events: Londoners' support of the 2012 olympics. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Management, 21, 10-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2014.02.001

Porter, P. K., & Fletcher, D. (2008). The economic impact of the Olympic Games: Ex ante predictions and ex poste reality. Journal of Sport Management, 22, 470–486. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.22.4.470

Pranic, L., Petric, L., & Cetinic, L. (2012). Host population perceptions of the social impacts of sport tourism events in transition countries: Evidence from Croatia. International Journal of Event and Festival Management, 3(3), 236–256. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17582951211262684

Prayag, G., Hosany, S., Nunkoo, R., & Alders, T. (2013). London residents' support for the 2012 Olympic Games: the mediating effect of overall attitude. Tourism Management, 36, 629e640. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.08.003

Preuss, H. (2004). The Economics of Staging the Olympics: A Comparison of the Games, 1972-2008. Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.

Preuss, H. (2006). Winners and losers of the olympic games. In B. Houlihan. Ed: Sport & Society (415-438). London: Thousand Oaks, CA & New Dehli.

Preuss, H. (2007). The Conceptualisation and Measurement of Mega Sport Event Legacies. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 12(3-4), 207-228. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14775080701736957

Preuss, H., & Arne Solberg, H. (2006). Attracting major sporting events: The role of local residents. European Sport Management Quarterly, 6, 391–411. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16184740601154524

Ritchie, J. B., & Lyons, M. (1990). Olympulse VI: a post-event assessment of resident reaction to the XV Olym-pic Winter Games. Journal of Travel Research, 28(3), 14-23. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004728759002800303.

Rodrigues, C., & Melo, A. (2012). The Triple Helix Model as an Instrument of Local Response to the Economic Crisis. European Planning Studies, 20(9), 1483–1496. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2012.709063

Rossi, C. (2013). Apoio e resistência popular à realização de megaeventos: algumas lições para o Brasil. Arti-go de Mestrado. Mestrado Profissional em Gestão e Políticas Públicas. Escola de Administração Pública de São Paulo. Fundação Getúlio Vargas, São Paulo. 2013. Disponível em: < http://bibliotecadigital.fgv.br/dspace/bitstream/handle/10438/11190/Artigo_Carla_Rossi_30_set_2013.pdf?sequence=1>. Acesso em: 10 mar 2017.

Santos, R. A., & Souza, N. S. (2012). Copa do Mundo e Olimpíadas no Brasil: perspectivas de crescimento e desenvolvimento do turismo brasileiro. Revista Científica Eletrônica de Turismo, 16.

Smith, N. (2005). The New Urban Frontier. London: Routledge.

Solberg, H. A. & Preuss, H. (2007). Major sports events and long-term tourism impacts. Journal of Sport Man-agement, 21 (2), 213-234. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.21.2.213

Soutar, G. N., & McLeod, P. B. (1993). Residents' perception on impacts of the America's Cup. Annals of Tour-ism Research, 20(3), 571-582. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(93)90010-Z.

Souza, A. P. P., Souza, D. L., Castro, S. B. E., & Mezzadri, F. M. (2013). Megaeventos esportivos: competições esportivas ou políticas/econômicas? Motrivivência, 41, 101-114. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-8042.2013v25n41p101

Toohey, C. (2008). The Sydney Olympics: Striving for Legacies – Overcoming Short-Term Disappointments and Long-Term Deficiencies. The International Journal of The History of Sport, 25(14), 1953-1971. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09523360802439270

Toohey, K., & Veal, A. J. (2007). The Olympic games: A social science perspective. 2nd ed. Wallingford: CAB International.

Van Niekerk, M. (2017). Contemporary issues in events, festivals and destination management. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(3), 842–847. DOI: https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MRR-09-2015-0216

Vetitnev, A. M. & Bobina, N. (2015). Residents’ perceptions of the 2014 Sochi Olympic Games, Leisure Stud-ies, 36(1), 108-118. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02614367.2015.1105857

Waitt, G. (2003). Social impacts of the Sydney Olympics. Annals of Tourism Research, 30(1), 194–215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(02)00050-6

Walton, H., Longo, A., & Dawson, P. (2008). A contingent valuation of the 2012 London Olympic Games: A regional perspective. Journal of Sports Economics, 9(3), 304–317. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1527002507308769

Whitson, D. & Horne, J. (2006). Underestimated costs and overestimated benefits? comparing the outcomes of sports mega-events in Canada and Japan. Sociological Review, 54, 73-89. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-954X.2006.00654.x

Williams, J., & Lawson, R. (2001). Community issues and resident opinions of tourism. Annals of Tourism Re-search, 28(2), 269–290. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(00)00030-X

Xie, K. L. , & Lee, J.-S. (2013). Toward the perspective of cognitive destination image and destination personal-ity: The case of Beijing. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 30(6), 538–556. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2013.810993

Zhou, Y., & Ap, J. (2009). Residents’ perceptions towards the impacts of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. Journal of Travel Research, 48(1), 78–91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287508328792

Zouain, D. M., Lohmann, P. B., Virkki, K.B., & Bezerra, M.F. (2018). Juegos Olímpicos Rio 2016 y Copa del Mundo 2014: un análisis comparativo de la demanda turística doméstica e internacional. Estudios y Perspec-tivas en Turismo, 27, 121–139.

Downloads

Publicado

2019-05-13

Como Citar

Zouain, D. M., Lohmann, P. B., Cardoso, G. D. L., Virkki, K. B., & Martelotte, M. C. (2019). Percepção dos Residentes sobre os Impactos dos Jogos Olímpicos Rio 2016: Antes, Durante e Depois do Megaevento. Revista Brasileira De Pesquisa Em Turismo, 13(2), 93–112. https://doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v13i2.1554

Edição

Seção

Artigos