GIS-Based spatial analysis of tourist pressure in Ouro Preto, Brazil
implications for sustainable heritage tourism management
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v20.3506Keywords:
Tourism, Cultural heritage, Geographic information system, Historic city, Urban planningAbstract
Tourist visitation in historic cities is often concentrated in a small number of heritage nodes and pedestrian corridors, creating uneven pressures that aggregate visitor counts cannot reveal. This study spatially analyzes tourist pressure in Ouro Preto, Brazil, using GIS tools to identify visitor concentration patterns and discuss their implications for sustainable heritage tourism management. A quantitative, non-experimental spatial design integrated 90 cleaned Flickr geolocated records obtained during two equivalent observation windows extending from May 1st to July 31st, 2024 and the same period in 2025, together with heritage inventories, street network, and structured field observation. Tourist presence was examined through a 50 × 50m grid, Kernel Density Estimation, DBSCAN clustering, network-based corridor analysis, and cell-level overlay with heritage assets. The results identify a high-pressure axis connecting Praça Tiradentes, Museu da Inconfidência, Rua Conde de Bobadela, Largo de Coimbra, and Igreja de São Francisco de Assis. Pressure derives less from total visitation than from the convergence of persistent clusters, recurrent pedestrian routes, and heritage-sensitive spaces. The findings support targeted monitoring, staggered guided-group itineraries, alternative routes toward lower-pressure areas, and preventive conservation.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Rodrigo Esteban Salas Vaca, Diana Gabriela Carpio Álvarez, Jairo Andrés Terán Andrade, Pablo Xavier Andrade Montalvo

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