Escala de Comportamento Sustentável do Turista (ECST)
Uma Proposta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7784/rbtur.v19.3161Palavras-chave:
Comportamento sustentável, Comportamento ecológico, Comportamento sociocultural, Comportamento econômico, Validação de escalaResumo
A medição do comportamento turístico é fundamental para fortalecer uma atividade turística mais responsável, pois influencia diretamente a conservação ambiental, o bem-estar social e o desenvolvimento econômico local. O objetivo deste estudo é validar uma escala de mensuração do comportamento sustentável entre turistas. Foram coletadas 421 observações de turistas residentes no Estado do México, México. A metodologia envolveu uma validação cruzada por meio de: a) uma análise de redes psicológicas e b) uma análise fatorial confirmatória. O resultado foi uma escala com 17 indicadores validados. A análise de redes identificou que os comportamentos individuais (nós) apresentam interações significativas, destacando-se a participação em atividades benéficas para a comunidade, o tratamento respeitoso aos residentes, a compra de produtos e artesanatos locais, bem como práticas pró-ambientais. A análise fatorial confirmou uma estrutura tridimensional que reflete o comportamento sustentável sob os aspectos ecológico, sociocultural e econômico. A integração metodológica constitui uma contribuição inovadora para o avanço científico, uma vez que decifra padrões de interação entre indicadores e dimensões, estabelecendo um novo paradigma para o tratamento da sustentabilidade turística. A validação deste instrumento possui importantes implicações práticas, servindo como base para diagnósticos, intervenções e formulação de políticas voltadas à promoção do turismo sustentável.
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